Hydrotherapy is the use of water in the treatment of disease and forms an integral part in many traditional medicine systems. The healing properties of hydrotherapy are based on its mechanical and/or thermal effects. It makes use of the body’s reaction to hot and cold stimuli, to the protracted application of heat, to the pressure exerted by the water, and to the sensation of the water itself.
Conditions Helped by Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy is used to treat many illnesses and conditions including:
- Acne
- Arthritis
- Colds
- Depression
- Headaches
- Stomach problems
- Joint, muscle, and nerve problems
- Sleep disorders
- Stress
It is also commonly used for relaxation and to maintain a person’s state of health. Hydrotherapy is also excellent for reducing or relieving sudden or long-lasting pain.
Benefits of Hydrotherapy
The benefits of hydrotherapy include:
- Reduced pain
- Re- education and encouragement of normal movement
- Improved walking technique
- Improved aerobic fitness levels.
- Improved balance and coordination
- Increased strength of weak muscles
- Increased range of movement of joint
- Improve independence and function.
- Mobilizing and lengthening of muscle
- Improve the self-confidence
- Reduce the fear of falling.
- A relaxing and calming experience.
What health conditions can improve with hydrotherapy
- Back Pain ⁄sciatica ⁄lumbar Instability
- Neck,shoulder And Arm Pain
- Balance⁄coordination Problems
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis & Fibromyalgia
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Parkinsons’s Disease
- Stroke
- Cerebral Palsy
- Rehabilitation After Bone Fracture
- Stress And Depression
Physiological effects of hydrotherapy
CLEANSING EFFECTS
- Water can be used as a cleanser.
- Water is most commonly used as cleansing agent forskin.
- Hydrating effects and friction of water used to soften and remove the dedris
- Decrease weight bearing (Arthritis)
- Increase the blood flow to muscles
- Muscle strengthening
- Ligamentous instability
- Other degenerative conditions
MUSCULOSKELETAL EFFECTS
- Immersion of the whole body in water increase the work of breathing.
- Hydrostatic pressure on the chest wall increases the resistance to lungs expansion..
RESPIRATORY EFFECTS
- Increase sodium and potassium excretion.
- Increase urine production.
- May be used to treat the patient with hypertension and peripheral edema
RENAL EFFECTS
- Water immersion can be invigorating and relaxing
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CILINICAL USES
- Increase sensory stimulation to peripheral mechanoreceptors.
- Cold water decreases inflammation.
- Decreases weight – bearing.
PAIN CONTROL
- Water immersion has shown to reduce peripheral edema.
- This effects is due to hydrotherapy pressure.
- Contrast baths are frequently used to control edema.
EDEMA CONTROL
- Cleansing properties facilitate.
- Rehydration.
- Softening and debridement of necrotic tissue.
- Removal of wound debris
- Hydrostatic pressure and heat increase circulation.
- Provides moist environment to optimize healing
WOUND CARE
Temperature Range
- Cold (32-79⁰)
Acute inflammation - Ted (79-92⁰)
Exercise
Acute inflammation if cold not tolerated - Neutral warmth (92 96⁰F)
Open wound
Medically compromised patients
Decrease tone
Temperature Range
- Mild warmth(96-98⁰)
Increase mobility
Burn - Hot (99-104⁰)
Pain
Increase ROM
Increase soft tissue extensibility - Very Hot (104 -110⁰) Limited body area Chronic condition
Safety considerations for hydrotherapy
- Prevention of falls
- Precautions for prevention of drowning
- Electrical safety
Contraindications for hydrotherapy
- CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
- DIABETIC WOUND
- BALANCE DISORDER
- INFLUENZA
- FEVER
- SKIN CONDITIONS
- URINARY INCONTINENCE
- OPEN WOUNDS
- RECENT SURGERY
- HYDROPHOBIC